Status of Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Micro Vascular Complications

In diabetic patients, persistence of hyperglycemia has been reported as a cause of increased production of oxygen free radicals. Hyperglycemia could induce oxidative stress and become the main factor for predisposing the complications in diabetes. The study is being aimed to find out the status of lipid peroxidation product i.e. malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) which might be helpful in risk assessment of various complications of diabetes mellitus. The study included 300 subjects (50-70yrs) out of which 150 patients were non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with micro vascular complications and 150 age matched healthy controls. The status of fasting blood sugar (FBS), reduced glutathione (GSH), GPx, GR, CAT, SOD and MDA were determined. Our results showed significant increase (p< 0.001) in FBS, CAT and MDA while GSH, GPx, GR and SOD were found decreased significantly (p< 0.001). The data suggest that alteration in antioxidant status and MDA may help to predict the risk of various micro vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.